What is eczema?
Atopic eczema (sometimes called dermatitis) is a non-contagious dry skin condition. Symptoms can vary greatly from sufferer to sufferer, and can range from dry patches, scaly skin and itching, to weeping sores, bleeding and crusting.
Unfortunately there is no cure for eczema, however in most cases it is manageable. Eczema is more prevalent amongst families with a history of asthma, eczema and hayfever (the atopic triad), and it is more common in Asian, black African and black Caribbean families. It is believed that eczema will affect 80% of children where both parents have the condition, and 60% of children where one parent has the condition.
Environmental factors, diet, temperature change, skincare products, household cleaners, pets, stress, hormones and even the hardness of your water can all contribute to your eczema. By identifying your own triggers, you can aim to reduce your symptoms and prevent flare-ups.
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Eczema: Causes, Symptoms and Management
Eczema affects millions of people worldwide, causing patches of dry, itchy skin that can significantly impact daily life. Known medically as atopic dermatitis, ranges from mild irritation to severe discomfort that disrupts sleep and daily activities.
Many factors contribute to eczema development. A family history of allergies or asthma increases the risk, pointing to a strong genetic component. The root cause lies in a compromised skin barrier that fails to retain moisture effectively, leaving the skin vulnerable to environmental irritants. No one knows exactly what causes baby eczema. It runs in families, especially those with allergies or asthma. Your baby's skin barrier might not work as well as it should, letting moisture escape and irritants sneak in.
Daily activities and environmental factors can trigger eczema flares. Common triggers include contact with harsh cleaning products, certain fabrics, and significant temperature changes. Stress often worsens symptoms. Some people find their eczema reacts to specific foods, though this varies considerably between individuals.
Managing eczema requires a consistent approach to skincare. Regular moisturising forms the cornerstone of treatment, particularly after bathing while the skin remains slightly damp. Gentle, fragrance-free products help maintain skin health without causing additional irritation.
More severe cases may require medical treatment. Doctors can prescribe topical corticosteroids to control inflammation during acute flares. Additional options include specialised creams that modify immune response and antihistamines to reduce night-time itching.
Wearing breathable natural fabrics, maintaining stable indoor humidity, and avoiding identified triggers helps reduce flare frequency. Regular skin monitoring enables early intervention when symptoms begin to worsen.
Professional medical support ensures appropriate treatment selection and monitoring. Regular check-ups allow for treatment adjustments based on changing symptoms and response to interventions. Healthcare providers can also address complications and introduce new treatment options as they become available.